Visuals speak volumes through texture, colour, type and shape. These come together to make the senses enable us to make tangible things/design. The small things we make can reinforce assumption we think about the world, understanding reality.
The wonders of physics
Reconsider the experience
Holiday Card
Clear it wants to be bent in different ways, which shows a story. Recital becoming empty gestures. Experiencing things over and over again loses their gravity.
Wedding Invitation
Push the boundaries
Sound is physical - musicians
The hidden talent of paper.
We approach the media with expectations that we don't necessarily need.
Newspaper
Why take newspaper?
Good news - not bad!
Conflicted belief - had to be radically believed.
It made it onto the news - gave messages of hope.
These are show pushing paper past its expected boundary/role.
Its been shaped over several hundred years, and there's more room for self expression.
Thursday 30 October 2014
Friday 24 October 2014
Design Manchester: Science of Imagination
We got there quite early and there was a delay with letting people in... So there was a GF Smith stand outside so therefore we was speaking with the lady about the new photography books they have where you can send a file with your images and you can get them printed in hardback book with good quality paper. We also got some free samples & books.
Tony Brook & Adrian Shaugnessy
Firstly on to the stage was Tony Brook & Adrian Shaugnessy from Unit Editions. They started by talking about how they got into what they was doing today. They said people kept asking them why they would want to create a publishing agency in the world of internet?
Magma - Marc Valley - his business has rapidly decreased due to people coming into the store to have a look then going home to buy it on the internet. And therefore his business caved in.
Then google images came along also... people don't have to go anywhere these days to have a look at something, everything is on the internet.
The only thing is with the internet is that it has no context, and you can never find it again! Also the idea of having the books to your side while designing is more appropriate & efficent.
"The book is like the spoon, scissors, the hammer, the wheel. Once invented, it cannot be improved. You cannot make a spoon that is better than a spoon... The book has been thoroughly tested, and it's very hard to see how it could be improved on for its current purposes." - Umberto Eco
Studio Culture - creating own studio straight after eduction.
This was one of the first books they produced and sold it through the book trade which was a big mistake.
So therefore on the outcome of that they decided that the only place you would be able to buy unit edition books would be on the unit edition website & the public phrase.
Adrian - Says that "he doesn't want to disengage with the internet as the only reason where they are today is because of it, but its a paradox"
Also with not selling through the book trade they have lots of rules they don't have to follow like they dont have to follow the paper & print choices & the title doesn't have to be on the middle of the page etc...
"If you are going to chop down a tree, make it decent! Make it tangible & physical as well as a good balance between image & content, be responsible" - Tony
Scratching the Surface By Adrian Shaughnessy LOOK AT!
Type only come to life since computer it was a very restrained subject.
Spin Studio - Love to see books.
Each individual packaging for each box.
FHK Herion - pioneered the concept of professional Graphic Design.
We can all learn something from him & we all owe him something.
Landor - War posters for MOI
Everyone else was using crayons & airbrush in this era but Landor realised how to use technology.
KLM logo was designed by him.
David Hurschmann
Technology will save us.
21st century learning (Instigating)
Digital & Physical.
Gadgets that anyone can make, inspiring people to make, play & learn.
DIY electro kit
DIY thirsty plan kit
DIY speaker kit.
User centered design.
What & why ill buy what you will make?
Minimum viable kit.
DIY gamer - coding, understanding UX!
This was helping the younger generation to critical think, debug, problem solve & computational think.
People learn differently!
Trying to fulfil all areas to benefit & facilitate all.
"Im so 3008 your so 2000 & late" Will.I.Am
Hursch&mann:
Make with red stripe.
Tangibleness added to magic where people was there when it was unfolding into reality.
Did the whole thing in CG - could never have done this with computers.
"A lot of ambition, helped bring a concept to life. Willing to try anything & didn't need any robotics company."
Siemens - How city shape changes, this came off the back off a self initiated project.
Supermundane: Rob Lowe
Anovak - unisex childrens magazine talk to them on the level of entertaining not educative.
Fire & Knife - Made to feel like made up of individual booklets.
Organic feel, mundane alphabet, no outline.
Frankfurt Exhibition: Listening & speaking tubes - children.
Electrical tape - ace hotel.
webwewant.org this is a festival.
Rejane Dal Bello
The year 2000 - new millenium
Expecting flying cars etc...
This shows you can't predict the future.
It doesn't confine with the world, and what they are telling you, what you have to do?
Expressive & embraces so 2 cultures can work together.
"If theres life, theres change" - Rejane Dal Bello.
Ross Phillips
Dalziel & Pow
Fabrica 2001
Show studio- beyond vogue what can fashion be?
Mirrormirror
-This was a installation in Topshop that gave you fashion advice.
-Live feedback
-no interface so you don't have to know how to use it, as not everyone does.
-still a mirror if failed - not a blank space.
Readaloud
-This was a exhibition set up in Bradford museum
-The outcome from this was that he was expecting thugs to come in and be bad & rude but infact if you give them space with some trust they will give you something back.
Argos
-turning them from print to screen.
The white company
-Sensory experiments.
-Projectors hidden in books.
Michael C Place in convosation with Angus Montgomery from Design Week.
Build - Craft/detail
"Technology is something I use, but it doesn't rule my life" - Michael
"understanding how print works, learning how you can use technology in a different way" - Michael
Hand lettering was something I think is very dull & boring, but when I look back its invaluable.
Designers Republic - Intern this is where he started, was there for 10 years until he wanted to have a break.
Build is a small studio and is only going to ever be a maximum of 5/6 people.
They are big on collaboration, someone is always better at something than you! Let them do it.
Modern life is rubbish... Check this out!
Self intiated: not just to do things without restraints. Its a fun job you might just get a few harsh customers.
Long project is 4/5 months.
The average project is 2 months.
Short project is couple of weeks.
They work on alot of briefs at the same time.
Maximum of 6 months.
Our work is very organic - 3 or 4 years ago you wouldn't see Virgin approaching a small studio to have their belief in them to handle it. But now they are looking for them.
Do you do lots of pitches? they don't do them if they are unpaid. Also they are small so they can't afford to take people away from a project for something that might not happen. It devalues the design, we don't want to put time in a project that might not be.
Do you have any specific clients? Clients that come to you! They must like your work, or someone has recommended you. Meeting someone you get a better idea of someone who want to engage with you? There's no formula.
Proudest project? Ukrainian TV channel. Didn't really understand what they was wanting for the money. But they pulled together and worked as a team. Which made him very proud!
Whats your dream project? An airline, something really like to do. I have a big interest in planes, I like how its a big canvas. You can be futuristic.
Client base proportion:
25% long term - Had the time to build up rappor already so its just the point of keeping that up.
75% short term - A lot of work to build up a new rappor everytime.
Handmade - "Clients looking for things that are handmade authentic. But now drifting & depending on what meets the brief" Supermundae
"A great example of this is from the album. CD & digital downloads. But the vinyl is coming back & you can get the physical side by the vinyl, its beautiful & engaging that downloading can't." Michael
Educating sophisticated clients: They now know more about the world and what is out there. They know how things work, and are more willing to comunicate & help with decisions.
Exposure is small within design compared to other industries.
How do you create the balance between professional & personal work:
"They are the same as I do things I do at work & that is what I love" Ross
"The things I love I don't get paid for so I have to make money somehow" Regane
"Professional & personal are linked & inetrconnected" Supermundane
"Play & work is the same for me, but I have worked through alot of shit to get here! Its down to us if we don't do what we want to make fun" Micheal
Peter Saville
Peter Saville wasn't suppose to be coming as he cancelled, but he managed to get there for the end of the day during the Q&A time.... This was basically his show as he took over the microphone.
Tips of getting things out of clients:
Writing the brief - told what the brief is people will know what they want- up to the designer to find a solution to the problem.
Put yourself in there position, what is it that you believe it will unlock the problem.
"They only come when they have a problem."
You need to understand about the sector, how can you solve the problem if you don't have no empathy of the landscape of the sector.
Pay: You have to have a day rate that adds up to an end figure. You will probably have to discount it - explain why you are discounting it and what you can do for that price?
If you think you don't get paid enough within a studio, then you have to bring in three times as much as you want to get out. It works out about 2.7 times due to all the other deductions.
Whats the next big thing?
"To me the next big thing is that technology is jumping from one to the next to the next advancement. We need to keep up, so while the next technology is been released I am trying to keep up with the last." - Ross
Ways to engage with there audience - Professor David Crow.
Strategy - Peter Saville.
Friday 10 October 2014
COP Presentation & Feedback
So I have started preping my presentation layout etc... to make sure that I got everything in it.
To prep for my interview as last time I felt that I wrote paragraphs in my book but I didnt look at them so I wrote on little note cards so I could flick through this as I thought this would benefit my presentation skills and develop on from last time.
Today I had my COP presentation, I was very worried about this but felt that the outcome overall was very good & I overcome my fear of talking in front of an audience. I felt like I was more nervous for this presentation than my PPP, I think that this is due to the direct outcome whereas the PPP presentation was more about me & my practition.
Feedback
Simon told me to take out a book at the library - The Theory of Craft By Rob Razati.
They told me that my research was very focused but my question did not match up with this so therefore this is something I need help with.
It was well matched with my practical work.
Communication theory? How does this fit in? People interact but then now my question doesn't answer this.
What do you mean by handmade? Craft? Hand rendered?
Tuesday 7 October 2014
Methodologies & Critical Analysis
COP3
COP3 project - underlying approach.
Constructing a methodological approach for product.
Methodology is how the information you have found it:
Sourced
Collected
Collated.
Methodology - A logical predefined strategy.
How you going to go & get information?
How you are going to organise it?
How you use it?
Your take on things, make sit unique & personal but logical & systematic.
Need to know what your researching & the end of what you need to go to.
You need to:
Clearly evidence why you selected these methods & techniques that are most appropriate.
Why they are most appropriate for your study.
Chose most appropriate path for your study.
Why you are choosing that tactic & what is the strengths of that compared to others.
Thinking about methods is that only one method can't get you very far.
We select each methods knowing ti has its flaws & don't hide them.
You chose an angle & we know that this angle will have bias information.
Methodology - about picking a side, know why you have picked it.
Theory - These can help you decide upon the methods you use. Alternatively the material you find may suggest.
Dictionary Definition of Theory - A Particular conception or view of something not the only view.
It can help you illuminate your topic!
Examples of theory:
Communication theory - Shannon Weaver Model.
Psychological theory - Freud.
Chose at least one key theory that relates to the material you are looking at.
Justifying Biasness - This is my take and based on research I am going to take this angle...
You can combine methods as long as it suits you.
How am I going to about?
Theories?
Methods?
Studio Practice - making with materials.
Make something
Put it in the real world.
Getting feedback from others.
Then refining from feedback.
But your theory has to be justified, you have to document & rigorous like you would be reading a book.
Don't manipulate a theory into what you need it to be!
1. Method 2. Theories 3. Application
1. Make decisions about how to collect & order information.
2. Chose relevant theoretical stand point.
3. Apply these to your study.
4. Explicity outline this in the introduction. Address suggested failings in the conclusion.
Number of chapters:
Series of elements/chapters
Short Introduction
Methodological approach
Why you have taken this approach?
Also break down different components in parts.
Has it got a clear logical methodology within the intro.
Outline - Clear consistent strategy, and clear understanding of subject.
Critical Analysis
This is not to be confused with the majority of the word criticisms. Not about fault finding or negative comparison.
Weighing up about different sides of an argument.
Making a selection based on an informed outcome, based on the amount of research.
Don't just pick one theory
Based on research of other theories, know your opinion is biased & still go with it anyway.
Element of a sceptical of the approach.
Methods of skeptics - Idea about the world they would disapprove & find as many ways as possible.
Taking up a number of dispositions.
A passionate topic - energy with backed up through critical reading.
Stepping back & getting supporting evidence.
Understanding different perspectives,
Awareness & perspectives - Wittgenstein's duck-rabbit theory.
It's not wrong to see a duck or the rabbit. But you need to acknowledge that you can see them both.
History is a rival of contested judgements - A series of individual judgements.
Noone approaches everything objectively - Not biased.
Outlining that bias, understanding limitations & be open about what you are doing?
Sigmund Freud - Has been criticised about by other theories. All case studies he looked for examples to prove his theory.
What ever sources you use can be critical of them. When was it produced? In what society?
Book - how has that theory been challenged or supported by other theories.
We need to critique ourselves & investigate them.
How is my choice of subject influences by my emotions, aspirations & context?
Be aware of our own prejudices.
Consider the context of what you are looking at.
Consider the influence of one or more of the following:
What are the technological & innovations behind them?
Time?
Place?
Scientific theories?
Evidence
Where is the evidence for this?
What are you saying?
Supporting - Not enough to say I have a take. Need to have evidence to back-up.
Supporting Research:
Observations
Quotes
Don't repeat opinions of others.
Acknowledge & find evidence of back-up what you are saying.
What research has led to you saying what you believe?
DON"T BE NEUTRAL
Contradict an argument.
Back up with lots of evidence. (3 things)
Don't have to be balance arguments.
Understand that there might be flaws in what you are saying.
How can you back up what your saying?
Is this an informed position?
Cold you find more evidence to support your conclusion &:
Evidence
Reason - Your argument why?
Logic - Methodological.
Arguments - Own thoughts.
These have no particular order. ^^^
What do I want to say?
Have I got the evidence to back it up?
What is it that your investigating?
How am I going to investigate it?
Research is a dynamic process.
Where else do I need to look in order to find more evidence?.
Triangulation
Putting alternate theories against the same body of data.
Using multiple theories to see which one best applies.
Theory A says this.... Theory B says this.... Theory C takes A or B side!
Am I expressing myself clearly & logically?
Central argument or project.
A structure of argument.
Chapter by chapter breakdown.
THINK
-Keep it simple - refine what you want to say & focus on few key issues.
-Look into your key issues in depth & bring int eh maximum evidence in to support your views.
-Discuss your issues & the evidence you have found clear & logical manner.
-More from general to the very specific
Context
Setting Broad
Then focus
3 Designers
One strong image to justify.
Evaluation
Analysing critical text on Estudio.
COP3 project - underlying approach.
Constructing a methodological approach for product.
Methodology is how the information you have found it:
Sourced
Collected
Collated.
Methodology - A logical predefined strategy.
How you going to go & get information?
How you are going to organise it?
How you use it?
Your take on things, make sit unique & personal but logical & systematic.
Need to know what your researching & the end of what you need to go to.
You need to:
Clearly evidence why you selected these methods & techniques that are most appropriate.
Why they are most appropriate for your study.
Chose most appropriate path for your study.
Why you are choosing that tactic & what is the strengths of that compared to others.
Thinking about methods is that only one method can't get you very far.
We select each methods knowing ti has its flaws & don't hide them.
You chose an angle & we know that this angle will have bias information.
Methodology - about picking a side, know why you have picked it.
Theory - These can help you decide upon the methods you use. Alternatively the material you find may suggest.
Dictionary Definition of Theory - A Particular conception or view of something not the only view.
It can help you illuminate your topic!
Examples of theory:
Communication theory - Shannon Weaver Model.
Psychological theory - Freud.
Chose at least one key theory that relates to the material you are looking at.
Justifying Biasness - This is my take and based on research I am going to take this angle...
You can combine methods as long as it suits you.
How am I going to about?
Theories?
Methods?
Studio Practice - making with materials.
Make something
Put it in the real world.
Getting feedback from others.
Then refining from feedback.
But your theory has to be justified, you have to document & rigorous like you would be reading a book.
Don't manipulate a theory into what you need it to be!
1. Method 2. Theories 3. Application
1. Make decisions about how to collect & order information.
2. Chose relevant theoretical stand point.
3. Apply these to your study.
4. Explicity outline this in the introduction. Address suggested failings in the conclusion.
Number of chapters:
Series of elements/chapters
Short Introduction
Methodological approach
Why you have taken this approach?
Also break down different components in parts.
Has it got a clear logical methodology within the intro.
Outline - Clear consistent strategy, and clear understanding of subject.
Critical Analysis
This is not to be confused with the majority of the word criticisms. Not about fault finding or negative comparison.
Weighing up about different sides of an argument.
Making a selection based on an informed outcome, based on the amount of research.
Don't just pick one theory
Based on research of other theories, know your opinion is biased & still go with it anyway.
Element of a sceptical of the approach.
Methods of skeptics - Idea about the world they would disapprove & find as many ways as possible.
Taking up a number of dispositions.
A passionate topic - energy with backed up through critical reading.
Stepping back & getting supporting evidence.
Understanding different perspectives,
Awareness & perspectives - Wittgenstein's duck-rabbit theory.
It's not wrong to see a duck or the rabbit. But you need to acknowledge that you can see them both.
History is a rival of contested judgements - A series of individual judgements.
Noone approaches everything objectively - Not biased.
Outlining that bias, understanding limitations & be open about what you are doing?
Sigmund Freud - Has been criticised about by other theories. All case studies he looked for examples to prove his theory.
What ever sources you use can be critical of them. When was it produced? In what society?
Book - how has that theory been challenged or supported by other theories.
We need to critique ourselves & investigate them.
How is my choice of subject influences by my emotions, aspirations & context?
Be aware of our own prejudices.
Consider the context of what you are looking at.
Consider the influence of one or more of the following:
What are the technological & innovations behind them?
Time?
Place?
Scientific theories?
Evidence
Where is the evidence for this?
What are you saying?
Supporting - Not enough to say I have a take. Need to have evidence to back-up.
Supporting Research:
Observations
Quotes
Don't repeat opinions of others.
Acknowledge & find evidence of back-up what you are saying.
What research has led to you saying what you believe?
DON"T BE NEUTRAL
Contradict an argument.
Back up with lots of evidence. (3 things)
Don't have to be balance arguments.
Understand that there might be flaws in what you are saying.
How can you back up what your saying?
Is this an informed position?
Cold you find more evidence to support your conclusion &:
Evidence
Reason - Your argument why?
Logic - Methodological.
Arguments - Own thoughts.
These have no particular order. ^^^
What do I want to say?
Have I got the evidence to back it up?
What is it that your investigating?
How am I going to investigate it?
Research is a dynamic process.
Where else do I need to look in order to find more evidence?.
Triangulation
Putting alternate theories against the same body of data.
Using multiple theories to see which one best applies.
Theory A says this.... Theory B says this.... Theory C takes A or B side!
Am I expressing myself clearly & logically?
Central argument or project.
A structure of argument.
Chapter by chapter breakdown.
THINK
-Keep it simple - refine what you want to say & focus on few key issues.
-Look into your key issues in depth & bring int eh maximum evidence in to support your views.
-Discuss your issues & the evidence you have found clear & logical manner.
-More from general to the very specific
Context
Setting Broad
Then focus
3 Designers
One strong image to justify.
Evaluation
Analysing critical text on Estudio.
Methodologies & Critical Analysis
COP3 Project - Underlying approach
Constructing a methodological approach for product.
How the information you have found is...
Sourced
Collected
Collated
Methodology - A logical prodefined strategy.
How you going to go & get info?
How you organise it?
How you use it?
Your take on things, unique & personal but logical & systematic.
need to know what your researching & the end of what you need to do.
You need to...
Clearly evidence why you selected these methods & techniques that are most appropriate & why they are most appropriate.
Chose the most appropriate path for your study.
Why you are choosing that tactic & what strengths of that compared to others.
Thinking about methods is that only one method can you get so far!
We select one method knowing it has these flaws.
You chose an angle & we know that this angle will be biased.
Methodology - about picking a side, know why you have picked a side.
Theory - These can help you decide upon the two methods you use. Alternatively the material you find may suggest.
Dictionary defintion - A particular conception or view of something. Not the only view. Can help illuminate your topic.
Examples of theory
Communication theory - Shannon Weaver.
Psychology Theory - Freud.
Chose at least one key theory that relates to the material you are looking at.
Different theories will lead to different explanations.
Particular Topics
Justifying Bias - This is my take and based on research, I am going to take.
You can combine methods - as long as it suits you!
Make something & put it into the real world.
Getting feedback & then reshaping it overall.
But it does have to be justified! You have to document it & be rigorous.
Don't manipulate a theory into it.
1. Methods 2. Theories 3. Application
1. Make a decision about how to collect & order information.
2. Chose relevant theoretical stand point.
3. Apply these to your study.
4. Explicitly outline this in the introduction. Address suggested failings in the conclusions.
Number of chapters
Series of elements/chapters
Short introduction - Methodological approach, why you have taken this? Also break down different components in parts.
Has it got a clear logical methodology? Introduction.
Outline - clear consistant strategy.
And clear understanding of subject.
Critical Analysis
Critical analysis is not to be confused with the majority of the word criticisms, not about fault finding or negative.
Waying up about different sides of an arguement.
Making a selection based on an informed outcome, based amount of research.
Don't just pick one theory.
Based on research of further theory, know that your opinion is biased & still go with it anyway.
Element of a sceptical of the approach.
Method of skeptics - idea about the world, they would disapprove & find as many ways.
Taking in a number of dispositions.
A passionate topic - energy wiht backed up through critical reasoning.
Stepping back & getting supporting evidence.
Awareness of perspectives - Wittgenstein's duck/rabbit.
Not wrong to see duck or rabbit first. But acknowledge that you can see both.
History is a rival of contested judgements, a series of individual judgements.
No one approaches everything subjectively.
Outlining that bias, understanding limitations & be open about what you are doing.
Sigmund Freud - has been criticised about by other theorist.
All case studies are looked for to prove his theory. He goes out looking for the example of his theory rather than finding his outcome from a theory.
What ever sources you use be critical of them, when they was produced! In what society?
Book - how has that theory been challenged or supported by other theories.
We need to critique ourselves & investigate.
How is my choice of subject influences by my emotions aspirations & context?
Aware of our own prejudices.
Consider the context of what you are looking at.
Consider the influence of one or more of the following:
What are the technological & innovations behind them?
Time & Place?
Scientific Theories?
Evidence
Where is the evidence for this?
What are you saying?
Supporting - not enough to have a take. Need to have evidence.
Supporting research.
Observations
Quotes
Don't repeat opinions of others.
Acknowledge & find evidence of back-up what your saying
What research has lead me to say what I believe?
But DON'T be neutral!
Contradict an arguement.
Back up with lots of evidence!
Don't have to be balanced.
Understand that there might be flaws in what your saying!
How can you back up what your saying?
Is this an informed position?
Could you find more evidence to support your conclusion?
Come to a ultimate conclusion.
Evidence
Reason - argument why?
Logic - methodological
Argument - own thoughts?
Don't come one before other.
What do I want to say?
Have I got the evidence to back it up!
What is it that your investigating?
How am I going to investigate it?
Research is a dynamic process.
Where else do I need to look in order to find more evidence?
Triangulation
Putting alternative theories against the same body of data.
Using multiple theories to see which one best applies.
Theory A says this...
Theory B says this...
Third Theorist has to take one side or other.
Am I expressing myself clearly & logically?
Central argument of project.
A structure of argument, chapter by chapter breakdown.
Evaluation
Analysing critical a text
Analysing critical a image.
Constructing a methodological approach for product.
How the information you have found is...
Sourced
Collected
Collated
Methodology - A logical prodefined strategy.
How you going to go & get info?
How you organise it?
How you use it?
Your take on things, unique & personal but logical & systematic.
need to know what your researching & the end of what you need to do.
You need to...
Clearly evidence why you selected these methods & techniques that are most appropriate & why they are most appropriate.
Chose the most appropriate path for your study.
Why you are choosing that tactic & what strengths of that compared to others.
Thinking about methods is that only one method can you get so far!
We select one method knowing it has these flaws.
You chose an angle & we know that this angle will be biased.
Methodology - about picking a side, know why you have picked a side.
Theory - These can help you decide upon the two methods you use. Alternatively the material you find may suggest.
Dictionary defintion - A particular conception or view of something. Not the only view. Can help illuminate your topic.
Examples of theory
Communication theory - Shannon Weaver.
Psychology Theory - Freud.
Chose at least one key theory that relates to the material you are looking at.
Different theories will lead to different explanations.
Particular Topics
Justifying Bias - This is my take and based on research, I am going to take.
You can combine methods - as long as it suits you!
Make something & put it into the real world.
Getting feedback & then reshaping it overall.
But it does have to be justified! You have to document it & be rigorous.
Don't manipulate a theory into it.
1. Methods 2. Theories 3. Application
1. Make a decision about how to collect & order information.
2. Chose relevant theoretical stand point.
3. Apply these to your study.
4. Explicitly outline this in the introduction. Address suggested failings in the conclusions.
Number of chapters
Series of elements/chapters
Short introduction - Methodological approach, why you have taken this? Also break down different components in parts.
Has it got a clear logical methodology? Introduction.
Outline - clear consistant strategy.
And clear understanding of subject.
Critical Analysis
Critical analysis is not to be confused with the majority of the word criticisms, not about fault finding or negative.
Waying up about different sides of an arguement.
Making a selection based on an informed outcome, based amount of research.
Don't just pick one theory.
Based on research of further theory, know that your opinion is biased & still go with it anyway.
Element of a sceptical of the approach.
Method of skeptics - idea about the world, they would disapprove & find as many ways.
Taking in a number of dispositions.
A passionate topic - energy wiht backed up through critical reasoning.
Stepping back & getting supporting evidence.
Awareness of perspectives - Wittgenstein's duck/rabbit.
Not wrong to see duck or rabbit first. But acknowledge that you can see both.
History is a rival of contested judgements, a series of individual judgements.
No one approaches everything subjectively.
Outlining that bias, understanding limitations & be open about what you are doing.
Sigmund Freud - has been criticised about by other theorist.
All case studies are looked for to prove his theory. He goes out looking for the example of his theory rather than finding his outcome from a theory.
What ever sources you use be critical of them, when they was produced! In what society?
Book - how has that theory been challenged or supported by other theories.
We need to critique ourselves & investigate.
How is my choice of subject influences by my emotions aspirations & context?
Aware of our own prejudices.
Consider the context of what you are looking at.
Consider the influence of one or more of the following:
What are the technological & innovations behind them?
Time & Place?
Scientific Theories?
Evidence
Where is the evidence for this?
What are you saying?
Supporting - not enough to have a take. Need to have evidence.
Supporting research.
Observations
Quotes
Don't repeat opinions of others.
Acknowledge & find evidence of back-up what your saying
What research has lead me to say what I believe?
But DON'T be neutral!
Contradict an arguement.
Back up with lots of evidence!
Don't have to be balanced.
Understand that there might be flaws in what your saying!
How can you back up what your saying?
Is this an informed position?
Could you find more evidence to support your conclusion?
Come to a ultimate conclusion.
Evidence
Reason - argument why?
Logic - methodological
Argument - own thoughts?
Don't come one before other.
What do I want to say?
Have I got the evidence to back it up!
What is it that your investigating?
How am I going to investigate it?
Research is a dynamic process.
Where else do I need to look in order to find more evidence?
Triangulation
Putting alternative theories against the same body of data.
Using multiple theories to see which one best applies.
Theory A says this...
Theory B says this...
Third Theorist has to take one side or other.
Am I expressing myself clearly & logically?
Central argument of project.
A structure of argument, chapter by chapter breakdown.
- Keep it simple - refine what you want to say & focus on few key issues.
- Look into your key issues indepth & bring maximum evidence in to support your views.
- Discuss your issues & the evidence you have found clear & logical manner.
- Move general to the very specific. Context, setting broad, then focus, 3 designers & one image to justify.
Evaluation
Analysing critical a text
Analysing critical a image.
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